Endpoints
What is an endpoint?
In cybersecurity and IT, endpoints refer to any device that connects to a network and communicates with other systems. These devices serve as entry points for users and, potentially, for cyber threats. Because they interact directly with networks and data, endpoints are critical components of an organisation’s digital infrastructure—and key targets for cyberattacks.
Examples of Endpoints:
- Desktops and laptops: Common in office and remote work environments.
- Mobile devices: Smartphones and tablets used for business or personal tasks.
- Servers: Machines that provide services like email, file storage, or web hosting.
- IoT devices: Smart thermostats, cameras, printers, and other internet-connected gadgets.
- Point-of-sale (POS) systems: Used in retail and hospitality for transactions.
- Virtual machines and cloud-based instances: Often used in modern IT environments.
- Printers/MFPs: Common in office and home environments.
Why Endpoints matter in cybersecurity:
Endpoints are often the first line of defense and the first point of attack. Since users interact with endpoints to access data, send emails, or browse the web, these devices are vulnerable to threats like:
- Malware infections
- Phishing attacks
- Ransomware
- Unauthorised access
- Data exfiltration
If an endpoint is compromised, attackers can use it as a launchpad to move laterally across the network, access sensitive data, or disrupt operations.
Securing Endpoints:
To protect endpoints, organisations implement Endpoint Security solutions, which may include:
- Antivirus and anti-malware software
- Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) tools
- Firewalls and intrusion prevention systems
- Patch management to fix vulnerabilities
- Device encryption to protect data at rest
- Access controls and authentication (e.g., multi-factor authentication)
Endpoint Management:
Managing endpoints involves monitoring their health, ensuring they are updated, and enforcing security policies. This is often done through:
- Mobile Device Management (MDM): Controls and secures mobile devices.
- Unified Endpoint Management (UEM): Provides centralised control over all types of endpoints.
- Remote monitoring and management (RMM): Used by IT teams to manage endpoints from a distance.