Keyloggers
What are they?
A keylogger (short for keystroke logger) is a type of surveillance software or hardware designed to record every keystroke made on a computer or mobile device. They are often associated with malicious intent, as they can be used to steal sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, credit card numbers, and personal messages – without the user’s knowledge.
Here's how it works:
Keyloggers operate by monitoring and capturing keyboard input. They can be:
- Software-based: Installed like any other program, often hidden in the background. These are the most common and can be delivered via phishing emails, malicious downloads, or infected websites.
- Hardware-based: Physical devices plugged between the keyboard and computer, or embedded in keyboards themselves. These are harder to detect but require physical access.
Once installed, keyloggers log every keystroke and either store the data locally or send it to a remote attacker.
What can keyloggers capture?
- Login credentials (usernames and passwords)
- Credit card and banking information
- Emails and chat messages
- Search queries
- Any typed document or form
This makes keyloggers a powerful tool for identity theft, corporate espionage, and unauthorised surveillance.
How to detect and prevent keyloggers:
Use Antivirus and Anti-Malware Software
These tools can detect and remove known keylogger programs.Keep Software Updated
Regular updates patch vulnerabilities that keyloggers may exploit.Enable Two-Factor Authentication (2FA)
Even if a password is stolen, 2FA adds an extra layer of security.Monitor System Behavior
Unusual CPU usage, slow performance, or unknown processes may indicate a keylogger.Use Virtual Keyboards or Password Managers
These can bypass traditional keylogging methods.Avoid Suspicious Links and Downloads
Many keyloggers are spread through phishing emails or malicious websites.